介绍
介绍
大家根福哥学会了使用Dockerfile创建Docker镜像的技巧了,那么我们现在搭建服务器环境就不需要再去下载软件的源代码了,也不需要编译安装了,更加不用操心软件和操作系统的各种兼容问题了。
今天福哥带着大家来安装nginx的环境,Nginx常用作web服务的出口服务器,代理各种应用服务器的功能集中到一起发布出去。
镜像
tag
Nginx的标签有很多,福哥选择的是1.20版本。
结构
照例我们先把镜像拉取下来,然后启动一个容器,看看里面都有什么,弄明白了自己才好捣鼓啊!
拉取镜像
docker pull nginx:1.20
启动临时容器
docker run -tid --name nginx1.20 -h nginx1.20 nginx:1.20
切入临时容器
docker exec -ti nginx1.20 /bin/bash
查看结构
进入容器后,全局查找一番,发现原来nginx的配置文件路径在/etc/nginx/nginx.conf。
[root@dev ~]# docker exec -ti nginx1.20 /bin/bash root@nginx1:/# find / -iname "*nginx*" /etc/rc5.d/S01nginx /etc/rc6.d/K01nginx /etc/logrotate.d/nginx /etc/init.d/nginx-debug /etc/init.d/nginx /etc/default/nginx-debug /etc/default/nginx /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/nginx.service /etc/rc0.d/K01nginx /etc/rc1.d/K01nginx /etc/rc2.d/S01nginx /etc/rc3.d/S01nginx /etc/rc4.d/S01nginx /etc/nginx /etc/nginx/nginx.conf /usr/lib/nginx /usr/sbin/nginx-debug /usr/sbin/nginx /usr/share/doc/nginx-module-xslt /usr/share/doc/nginx-module-geoip /usr/share/doc/nginx-module-image-filter /usr/share/doc/nginx /usr/share/doc/nginx-module-njs /usr/share/nginx /var/lib/dpkg/info/nginx-module-image-filter.list /var/lib/dpkg/info/nginx-module-image-filter.md5sums /var/lib/dpkg/info/nginx.postinst /var/lib/dpkg/info/nginx-module-geoip.list /var/lib/dpkg/info/nginx.md5sums /var/lib/dpkg/info/nginx-module-njs.list /var/lib/dpkg/info/nginx-module-njs.postinst /var/lib/dpkg/info/nginx-module-image-filter.postinst /var/lib/dpkg/info/nginx-module-geoip.postinst /var/lib/dpkg/info/nginx-module-xslt.list /var/lib/dpkg/info/nginx-module-njs.md5sums /var/lib/dpkg/info/nginx.list /var/lib/dpkg/info/nginx-module-xslt.md5sums /var/lib/dpkg/info/nginx-module-xslt.postinst /var/lib/dpkg/info/nginx.postrm /var/lib/dpkg/info/nginx.prerm /var/lib/dpkg/info/nginx-module-geoip.md5sums /var/lib/dpkg/info/nginx.preinst /var/lib/dpkg/info/nginx.conffiles /var/lib/systemd/deb-systemd-helper-enabled/multi-user.target.wants/nginx.service /var/lib/systemd/deb-systemd-helper-enabled/nginx.service.dsh-also /var/lib/systemd/deb-systemd-helper-enabled/nginx-debug.service.dsh-also /var/cache/nginx /var/log/nginx /lib/systemd/system/nginx.service /lib/systemd/system/nginx-debug.service /run/nginx.pid find: '/proc/1/map_files': Operation not permitted find: '/proc/30/map_files': Operation not permitted find: '/proc/31/map_files': Operation not permitted find: '/proc/32/map_files': Operation not permitted find: '/proc/37/map_files': Operation not permitted
使用curl测试一下,可用看到nginx默认的首页。
停止临时容器
docker stop nginx1.20
删除临时容器
docker rm nginx1.20
Dockerfile
最后福哥把前面的设置命令整理到一起写成Dockerfile,这样大家就可以通过Dockerfile安装环境了。
nginx.conf
默认的nginx.conf是这样的,可用看出具体的配置文件在/etc/nginx/conf.d/下面。
user nginx; worker_processes auto; error_log /var/log/nginx/error.log notice; pid /var/run/nginx.pid; events { worker_connections 1024; } http { include /etc/nginx/mime.types; default_type application/octet-stream; log_format main '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" ' '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" ' '"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"'; access_log /var/log/nginx/access.log main; sendfile on; #tcp_nopush on; keepalive_timeout 65; #gzip on; include /etc/nginx/conf.d/*.conf; }
default.conf
进入conf.d目录下面发现只有一个default.conf配置文件,默认default.conf的内容是这样的。
server { listen 80; listen [::]:80; server_name localhost; #access_log /var/log/nginx/host.access.log main; location / { root /usr/share/nginx/html; index index.html index.htm; } #error_page 404 /404.html; # redirect server error pages to the static page /50x.html # error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html; location = /50x.html { root /usr/share/nginx/html; } # proxy the PHP scripts to Apache listening on 127.0.0.1:80 # #location ~ \.php$ { # proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1; #} # pass the PHP scripts to FastCGI server listening on 127.0.0.1:9000 # #location ~ \.php$ { # root html; # fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000; # fastcgi_index index.php; # fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME /scripts$fastcgi_script_name; # include fastcgi_params; #} # deny access to .htaccess files, if Apache's document root # concurs with nginx's one # #location ~ /\.ht { # deny all; #} }
可以看到默认的配置文件里面以及给出了apache版本的php环境以及fpm版本的php环境接入nginx的示例配置方法。
Dockerfile
创建Dockerfile,因为Nginx是配合其他应用服务使用的,所以这里福哥没有做什么调整,咱们以后再结合项目进行具体的定制调整吧。
FROM nginx:1.20 MAINTAINER Andy Bogate MAINTAINER tongfu@tongfu.net MAINTAINER https://tongfu.net/dockerfile MAINTAINER 2021/5/24 MAINTAINER v1.0.0 EXPOSE 80 443
总结
今天福哥带着大家使用Dockerfile搭建了Nginx微服务环境了,可以发现使用Dockerfile方式搭建环境我们真的只需要关心我们需要关心的部分,繁琐的编译参数、依赖库、环境参数等等一系列的问题基础镜像都给我们解决好了。
下一课,福哥会带着搭建学习使用Dockerfile搭建Nginx+PHP环境,敬请期待~~