准备工作
安装wget
如果环境里没有wget,通过yum安装一下
yum -y install wget
安装gcc
如果环境里没有编译工具,通过yum安装一下
yum -y install gcc gcc-c++ make
安装依赖包
yum -y install expat-devel pcre-devel zlib-devel perl libxml* curl-devel freetype-devel libaio numactl-libs libevent-devel openssl openssl-devel autoconf unzip
建立环境根目录
mkdir -p /tongfu.net/env/
建立安装包目录并进入
mkdir /packages cd /packages
安装Apache 2.4
准备
apr-1.6.5.tar.gz
apr-util-1.6.1.tar.gz
httpd-2.4.37.tar.gz
下载安装包
wget http://mirror.bit.edu.cn/apache/apr/apr-1.6.5.tar.gz wget http://mirror.bit.edu.cn/apache/apr/apr-util-1.6.1.tar.gz wget http://mirror.bit.edu.cn/apache/httpd/httpd-2.4.37.tar.gz
如果以上下载地址失效了,请自行到官网下载,下载地址是 http://httpd.apache.org/download.cgi#apache24
打开页面后找到 Mirror,进去之后选 cn(中国镜像肯定快啊),然后随便选一个镜像服务器
进入镜像服务器目录后,在 httpd 目录下载 httpd 安装包,在 apr 目录下载 apr 和 apr-util 安装包
如果安装包的版本更新了,大家不要惊慌,只要大版本(第一位数字)没有变化就没关系。
大家需要在后面的安装命令里把对应的版本号改成新版本的就好!
例如:apr-1.6.3.tar.gz 更新到 apr-1.6.5.tar.gz 了,那么在本教程内所有出现 apr-1.6.3 字样的地方都要改成 apr-1.6.5
注意:如果其他软件的安装包也更新了,同样采用以上方法解决即可!
安装apr
tar xzvf apr-1.6.5.tar.gz cd apr-1.6.5 ./configure --prefix=/tongfu.net/env/apr-1.6.5 make && make install cd ..
安装apr-util
tar xzvf apr-util-1.6.1.tar.gz cd apr-util-1.6.1 ./configure --prefix=/tongfu.net/env/apr-util-1.6.1 \ --with-apr=/tongfu.net/env/apr-1.6.5/bin/apr-1-config make && make install cd ..
安装httpd
tar xzvf httpd-2.4.37.tar.gz cd httpd-2.4.37 ./configure --prefix=/tongfu.net/env/httpd-2.4.37 \ --with-apr=/tongfu.net/env/apr-1.6.5 \ --with-apr-util=/tongfu.net/env/apr-util-1.6.1 \ --with-pcre \ --enable-so \ --enable-rewrite \ --enable-ssl make && make install cd ..
初始化
打开 httpd.conf 配置文件
将 ServerAdmin 设置为 webmaster@tongfu.net
将 ServerName 设置为 localhost
将 Listen 设置为 8080
[root@tongfunet]# vi /tongfu.net/env/httpd-2.4.37/conf/httpd.conf ServerAdmin webmaster@tongfu.net ServerName localhost Listen 8080
注意:为什么我们要把Apache的端口设置为 8080 呢?因为后面我们会把 80 端口让给 nginx 代理服务器使用
启动
/tongfu.net/env/httpd-2.4.37/bin/apachectl start
测试
[root@tongfunet]# curl 'http://localhost:8080/' <html><body><h1>It works!</h1></body></html>
自动启动
添加系统服务脚本
[root@tongfunet]# cat > /lib/systemd/system/httpd.service <<EOF [Unit] Description=httpd After=network.target [Service] Type=forking ExecStart=/tongfu.net/env/httpd-2.4.37/bin/apachectl start ExecReload=/tongfu.net/env/httpd-2.4.37/bin/apachectl restart ExecStop=/tongfu.net/env/httpd-2.4.37/bin/apachectl stop PrivateTmp=true [Install] WantedBy=multi-user.target EOF
使用 systemctl 管理 httpd 服务
systemctl enable httpd # 设置自动启动 systemctl start httpd # 启动服务 systemctl stop httpd # 停止服务 systemctl restart httpd # 重启服务
安装Nginx
准备
nginx-1.12.2.tar.gz
下载安装包
wget http://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.12.2.tar.gz
安装nginx
tar xzvf nginx-1.12.2.tar.gz cd nginx-1.12.2 ./configure --prefix=/tongfu.net/env/nginx-1.12.2/ \ --with-http_ssl_module make && make install cd ..
启动
/tongfu.net/env/nginx-1.12.2/sbin/nginx
测试
[root@tongfunet]# curl 'http://localhost/' <!DOCTYPE html> <html> <head> <title>Welcome to nginx!</title> <style> body { width: 35em; margin: 0 auto; font-family: Tahoma, Verdana, Arial, sans-serif; } </style> </head> <body> <h1>Welcome to nginx!</h1> <p>If you see this page, the nginx web server is successfully installed and working. Further configuration is required.</p> <p>For online documentation and support please refer to <a href="http://nginx.org/">nginx.org</a>.<br/> Commercial support is available at <a href="http://nginx.com/">nginx.com</a>.</p> <p><em>Thank you for using nginx.</em></p> </body> </html>
映射Apache
通过下面的配置,我们将前面安装好的Apache服务的8080端口通过Nginx的80端口发布出来
在 http {} 内的默认 server {} 前面增加如下配置
[root@tongfunet]# vi /tongfu.net/env/nginx-1.12.2/conf/nginx.conf include upstreams.conf; include servers.conf;
建立upstreams.conf文件
[root@tongfunet]# cat > /tongfu.net/env/nginx-1.12.2/conf/upstreams.conf <<EOF upstream apache { server 127.0.0.1:8080; } EOF
建立servers.conf文件
[root@tongfunet]# cat > /tongfu.net/env/nginx-1.12.2/conf/servers.conf <<EOF server { listen 80; server_name localhost; location / { proxy_pass http://apache; proxy_set_header Host \$host; proxy_set_header X-Real-Ip \$remote_addr; proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For \$remote_addr; } } EOF
并且需要把默认的 server {} 全部删除掉
重新启动
/tongfu.net/env/nginx-1.12.2/sbin/nginx -s reload
重新测试
可以看到通过Nginx的80端口可以访问到Apache的8080端口上面的网页内容了
[root@tongfunet]# curl 'http://localhost/' <html><body><h1>It works!</h1></body></html>
自动启动
添加系统服务脚本
[root@tongfunet]# cat > /lib/systemd/system/nginxd.service <<EOF [Unit] Description=nginxd After=network.target [Service] Type=forking ExecStart=/tongfu.net/env/nginx-1.12.2/sbin/nginx ExecReload=/tongfu.net/env/nginx-1.12.2/sbin/nginx -s reload ExecStop=/tongfu.net/env/nginx-1.12.2/sbin/nginx -s quit PrivateTmp=true [Install] WantedBy=multi-user.target EOF
手动停止当前运行着的 nginx 服务,否则自动启动脚本会报错
/tongfu.net/env/nginx-1.12.2/sbin/nginx -s quit
使用 systemctl 管理 nginxd 服务
systemctl enable nginxd # 设置自动启动 systemctl start nginxd # 启动服务 systemctl stop nginxd # 停止服务 systemctl restart nginxd # 重启服务
安装PHP 7
准备
jpegsrc.v9c.tar.gz
libpng-1.6.34.tar.gz
php-7.2.8.tar.gz
下载安装包
wget http://www.ijg.org/files/jpegsrc.v9c.tar.gz wget http://jaist.dl.sourceforge.net/project/libpng/libpng16/1.6.34/libpng-1.6.34.tar.gz wget http://cn2.php.net/get/php-7.2.8.tar.gz/from/this/mirror -O php-7.2.8.tar.gz
安装jpegsrc
tar xzvf jpegsrc.v9c.tar.gz cd jpeg-9c ./configure --prefix=/tongfu.net/env/jpeg-9c make && make install cd ..
安装libpng
tar xzvf libpng-1.6.34.tar.gz cd libpng-1.6.34 ./configure --prefix=/tongfu.net/env/libpng-1.6.34 make && make install cd ..
安装php
tar -xzvf php-7.2.8.tar.gz cd php-7.2.8 ./configure --prefix=/tongfu.net/env/php-7.2.8 \ --with-apxs2=/tongfu.net/env/httpd-2.4.37/bin/apxs \ --enable-mbstring \ --enable-exif \ --enable-soap \ --with-curl \ --with-gd \ --with-jpeg-dir=/tongfu.net/env/jpeg-9c \ --with-png-dir=/tongfu.net/env/libpng-1.6.34 \ --with-freetype-dir \ --enable-fpm \ --enable-mysqlnd \ --with-pdo-mysql \ --with-config-file-path=/tongfu.net/env/php-7.2.8/etc \ --with-mysqli make && make install cp php.ini-* /tongfu.net/env/php-7.2.8/etc/ cp php.ini-development /tongfu.net/env/php-7.2.8/etc/php.ini cd ..
初始化
搜索 DirectoryIndex,在最后添加 index.php
搜索 AddType application/x-gzip .gz .tgz,在后面添加
[root@tongfunet]# vi /tongfu.net/env/httpd-2.4.37/conf/httpd.conf DirectoryIndex index.html index.htm index.php AddType application/x-httpd-php .php
重启Apache
systemctl restart httpd
安装错误解决(1)
在make命令时提示一堆undefined reference to `libiconv_open'的错误,搜了下网上找到解决办法,安装libiconv就好了。
wget http://ftp.gnu.org/pub/gnu/libiconv/libiconv-1.15.tar.gz tar -xzvf php-5.6.37.tar.gz cd libiconv-1.15 ./configure --prefix=/tongfu.net/env/libiconv-1.15/ make && make install cd ..
安装完了libiconv重新编译php,增加以下编译参数
--with-iconv-dir=/tongfu.net/env/libiconv-1.15/
编译完了make的时候增加参数
make ZEND_EXTRA_LIBS='-liconv'
这样就可以编译通过了!
测试
按下面的操作执行后,应该会得到 phpinfo 打印的信息
[root@tongfunet]# cat > /tongfu.net/env/httpd-2.4.37/htdocs/test.php <<EOF <?php phpinfo(); EOF [root@tongfunet]# curl -s "http://localhost/test.php" | grep "PHP API" <tr><td class="e">PHP API </td><td class="v">20170718 </td></tr>
如果没有正确返回信息的话,可以使用先反复 stop 直到提示“not running”后再 start 的方式重启Apache
安装redis扩展
安装redis扩展
wget http://pecl.php.net/get/redis-4.1.0.tgz tar -xzvf redis-4.1.0.tgz cd redis-4.1.0 /tongfu.net/env/php-7.2.8/bin/phpize ./configure --with-php-config=/tongfu.net/env/php-7.2.8/bin/php-config make && make install cd ..
配置redis扩展
找到 extension 位置,添加redis
[root@tongfunet]# vi /tongfu.net/env/php-7.2.8/etc/php.ini extension=redis
重启Apache
systemctl restart httpd
测试
[root@tongfunet]# curl -s "http://localhost/test.php" | grep redis <h2><a name="module_redis">redis</a></h2> <tr><td class="e">Registered save handlers </td><td class="v">files user redis rediscluster </td></tr> This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the terms of the PHP License as published by the PHP Group and included in the distribution in the file: LICENSE
安装libmemcached库
安装libmemcached库
wget https://launchpad.net/libmemcached/1.0/1.0.18/+download/libmemcached-1.0.18.tar.gz tar -xzvf libmemcached-1.0.18.tar.gz cd libmemcached-1.0.18 ./configure --prefix=/tongfu.net/env/libmemcached-1.0.18 \ --with-memcached=/tongfu.net/env/memcached-1.5.10/ make && make install cd ..
安装memcached扩展
安装memcached扩展
wget http://pecl.php.net/get/memcached-3.0.4.tgz tar -xzvf memcached-3.0.4.tgz cd memcached-3.0.4 /tongfu.net/env/php-7.2.8/bin/phpize ./configure --with-php-config=/tongfu.net/env/php-7.2.8/bin/php-config \ --with-libmemcached-dir=/tongfu.net/env/libmemcached-1.0.18/ \ --disable-memcached-sasl make && make install cd ..
配置mecached扩展
找到 extension 位置,添加memcached
[root@tongfunet]# vi /tongfu.net/env/php-7.2.8/etc/php.ini extension=memcached
重启Apache
systemctl restart httpd
测试
[root@tongfunet]# curl -s "http://localhost/test.php" | grep memcached <h2><a name="module_memcached">memcached</a></h2> <tr class="h"><th>memcached support</th><th>enabled</th></tr> <tr><td class="e">libmemcached version </td><td class="v">1.0.18 </td></tr> <tr><td class="e">memcached.compression_factor</td><td class="v">1.3</td><td class="v">1.3</td></tr> <tr><td class="e">memcached.compression_threshold</td><td class="v">2000</td><td class="v">2000</td></tr> <tr><td class="e">memcached.compression_type</td><td class="v">fastlz</td><td class="v">fastlz</td></tr> <tr><td class="e">memcached.default_binary_protocol</td><td class="v">0</td><td class="v">0</td></tr> <tr><td class="e">memcached.default_connect_timeout</td><td class="v">0</td><td class="v">0</td></tr> <tr><td class="e">memcached.default_consistent_hash</td><td class="v">0</td><td class="v">0</td></tr> <tr><td class="e">memcached.serializer</td><td class="v">php</td><td class="v">php</td></tr> <tr><td class="e">memcached.sess_binary_protocol</td><td class="v">1</td><td class="v">1</td></tr> <tr><td class="e">memcached.sess_connect_timeout</td><td class="v">0</td><td class="v">0</td></tr> <tr><td class="e">memcached.sess_consistent_hash</td><td class="v">1</td><td class="v">1</td></tr> <tr><td class="e">memcached.sess_lock_expire</td><td class="v">0</td><td class="v">0</td></tr> <tr><td class="e">memcached.sess_lock_max_wait</td><td class="v">not set</td><td class="v">not set</td></tr> <tr><td class="e">memcached.sess_lock_retries</td><td class="v">5</td><td class="v">5</td></tr> <tr><td class="e">memcached.sess_lock_wait</td><td class="v">not set</td><td class="v">not set</td></tr> <tr><td class="e">memcached.sess_lock_wait_max</td><td class="v">2000</td><td class="v">2000</td></tr> <tr><td class="e">memcached.sess_lock_wait_min</td><td class="v">1000</td><td class="v">1000</td></tr> <tr><td class="e">memcached.sess_locking</td><td class="v">1</td><td class="v">1</td></tr> <tr><td class="e">memcached.sess_number_of_replicas</td><td class="v">0</td><td class="v">0</td></tr> <tr><td class="e">memcached.sess_persistent</td><td class="v">0</td><td class="v">0</td></tr> <tr><td class="e">memcached.sess_prefix</td><td class="v">memc.sess.</td><td class="v">memc.sess.</td></tr> <tr><td class="e">memcached.sess_randomize_replica_read</td><td class="v">0</td><td class="v">0</td></tr> <tr><td class="e">memcached.sess_remove_failed_servers</td><td class="v">0</td><td class="v">0</td></tr> <tr><td class="e">memcached.sess_sasl_password</td><td class="v"><i>no value</i></td><td class="v"><i>no value</i></td></tr> <tr><td class="e">memcached.sess_sasl_username</td><td class="v"><i>no value</i></td><td class="v"><i>no value</i></td></tr> <tr><td class="e">memcached.sess_server_failure_limit</td><td class="v">0</td><td class="v">0</td></tr> <tr><td class="e">memcached.store_retry_count</td><td class="v">2</td><td class="v">2</td></tr> <tr><td class="e">Registered save handlers </td><td class="v">files user redis rediscluster memcached </td></tr>
安装imap扩展
安装imap扩展
yum -y install libc-client ln -s /usr/lib64/libc-client.so /usr/lib/libc-client.so wget http://dl.fedoraproject.org/pub/epel/7/x86_64/Packages/l/libc-client-2007f-16.el7.x86_64.rpm wget http://dl.fedoraproject.org/pub/epel/7/x86_64/Packages/u/uw-imap-2007f-16.el7.x86_64.rpm wget http://dl.fedoraproject.org/pub/epel/7/x86_64/Packages/u/uw-imap-devel-2007f-16.el7.x86_64.rpm rpm -ivh libc-client-2007f-16.el7.x86_64.rpm rpm -ivh uw-imap-2007f-16.el7.x86_64.rpm rpm -ivh uw-imap-devel-2007f-16.el7.x86_64.rpm cd php-7.2.8/ext/imap /tongfu.net/env/php-7.2.8/bin/phpize ./configure --with-imap \ --with-imap-ssl \ --with-kerberos \ --with-php-config=/tongfu.net/env/php-7.2.8/bin/php-config make && make install cd ../../..
配置imap扩展
找到 extension 位置,添加imap
[root@tongfunet]# vi /tongfu.net/env/php-7.2.8/etc/php.ini extension=imap
重启Apache
systemctl restart httpd
测试
[root@tongfunet]# curl -s "http://localhost/test.php" | grep imap <tr><td class="e">Protocols </td><td class="v">dict, file, ftp, ftps, gopher, http, https, imap, imaps, ldap, ldaps, pop3, pop3s, rtsp, scp, sftp, smtp, smtps, telnet, tftp </td></tr> <h2><a name="module_imap">imap</a></h2>
安装zlib扩展
安装zlib扩展
cd php-7.2.8/ext/zlib/ mv config0.m4 config.m4 /tongfu.net/env/php-7.2.8/bin/phpize ./configure --with-php-config=/tongfu.net/env/php-7.2.8/bin/php-config make && make install cd ../../
配置zlib扩展
找到 extension 位置,添加zlib
[root@tongfunet]# vi /tongfu.net/env/php-7.2.8/etc/php.ini extension=zlib
重启Apache
systemctl restart httpd
测试
[root@tongfunet]# curl -s "http://localhost/test.php" | grep zlib <tr><td class="e">Registered PHP Streams</td><td class="v">php, file, glob, data, http, ftp, compress.zlib, phar</td></tr> <tr><td class="e">Registered Stream Filters</td><td class="v">convert.iconv.*, string.rot13, string.toupper, string.tolower, string.strip_tags, convert.*, consumed, dechunk, zlib.*</td></tr> <h2><a name="module_zlib">zlib</a></h2> <tr><td class="e">Stream Wrapper </td><td class="v">compress.zlib:// </td></tr> <tr><td class="e">Stream Filter </td><td class="v">zlib.inflate, zlib.deflate </td></tr> <tr><td class="e">zlib.output_compression</td><td class="v">Off</td><td class="v">Off</td></tr> <tr><td class="e">zlib.output_compression_level</td><td class="v">-1</td><td class="v">-1</td></tr> <tr><td class="e">zlib.output_handler</td><td class="v"><i>no value</i></td><td class="v"><i>no value</i></td></tr>
安装MySQL 5.7
准备
mysql-5.7.22-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz
下载安装包
wget https://dev.mysql.com/get/Downloads/MySQL-5.7/mysql-5.7.22-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz
创建账号
useradd mysql
安装mysql
tar xzvf mysql-5.7.22-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz -C /tongfu.net/env/ cd /tongfu.net/env/ mv mysql-5.7.22-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64 mysql-5.7.22
初始化
mkdir mysql-5.7.22/data/ chown -R mysql.mysql mysql-5.7.22/ ./mysql-5.7.22/bin/mysqld --initialize --user=mysql --basedir=/tongfu.net/env/mysql-5.7.22/ --datadir=/tongfu.net/env/mysql-5.7.22/data/
注意:执行完上面的命令后,会有初始化密码打印出来,一定记得保存起来
2018-07-25T23:47:56.430639Z 0 [Warning] TIMESTAMP with implicit DEFAULT value is deprecated. Please use --explicit_defaults_for_timestamp server option (see documentation for more details). 2018-07-25T23:47:57.762501Z 0 [Warning] InnoDB: New log files created, LSN=45790 2018-07-25T23:47:57.891333Z 0 [Warning] InnoDB: Creating foreign key constraint system tables. 2018-07-25T23:47:58.002282Z 0 [Warning] No existing UUID has been found, so we assume that this is the first time that this server has been started. Generating a new UUID: 287aa3d9-9065-11e8-93c5-02420a100164. 2018-07-25T23:47:58.003611Z 0 [Warning] Gtid table is not ready to be used. Table 'mysql.gtid_executed' cannot be opened. 2018-07-25T23:47:58.004209Z 1 [Note] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: [初始化密码]
启动
修改启动脚本
[root@tongfunet]# vi ./mysql-5.7.22/support-files/mysql.server basedir=/tongfu.net/env/mysql-5.7.22/ datadir=/tongfu.net/env/mysql-5.7.22/data/
启动服务
./mysql-5.7.22/support-files/mysql.server start
修改默认密码
使用前面得到的初始化密码修改root密码
./mysql-5.7.22/bin/mysqladmin -uroot -p password "abcdef"
登录
./mysql-5.7.22/bin/mysql -uroot -pabcdef
自动启动
添加自动启动脚本
[root@tongfunet]# cat > /lib/systemd/system/mysqld.service <<EOF [Unit] Description=mysqld After=network.target [Service] Type=forking ExecStart=/tongfu.net/env/mysql-5.7.22/support-files/mysql.server start ExecReload=/tongfu.net/env/mysql-5.7.22/support-files/mysql.server restart ExecStop=/tongfu.net/env/mysql-5.7.22/support-files/mysql.server stop PrivateTmp=true [Install] WantedBy=multi-user.target EOF
使用 systemctl 管理 mysqld 服务
systemctl enable mysqld # 设置自动启动 systemctl start mysqld # 启动服务 systemctl stop mysqld # 停止服务 systemctl restart mysqld # 重启服务
常见错误1
在新版本的mysql里是找不到my.cnf配置文件的,因为mysql把大部分参数都设置了默认值,原则上我们不需要设置太多参数
如果想要设置的话,可以从旧版本的mysql环境下复制过来,放到mysql的安装目录下
当然,你也可以像以前那样放到 /etc/my.cnf,不过,这样不利用管理和迁移
常见错误2
在新版本的mysql里使用group by语句的时候有了限制,简单说就是group by的字段必须在select内出现,这样的话select * from xxx group by yyy就行不通了。
which is not functionally dependent on columns in GROUP BY clause; this is incompatible with sql_mode=only_full_group_by
解决方法,在my.cnf里增加一行设置即可
sql_mode = "STRICT_TRANS_TABLES,NO_ZERO_IN_DATE,NO_ZERO_DATE,ERROR_FOR_DIVISION_BY_ZERO,NO_AUTO_CREATE_USER,NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION"
这样就可以随便写了~
安装Memcached
准备
memcached-1.5.10.tar.gz
现在安装包
wget http://memcached.org/files/memcached-1.5.10.tar.gz
安装memcached
tar -xzvf memcached-1.5.10.tar.gz cd memcached-1.5.10 ./configure --prefix=/tongfu.net/env/memcached-1.5.10 make && make install cd ..
启动脚本
[root@tongfunet]# cat > /tongfu.net/env/memcached-1.5.10/bin/memcached-start <<EOF #!/bin/sh # env export PATH # argv memcacheroot=/tongfu.net/env/memcached-1.5.10 user=daemon memory=128m # start \$memcacheroot/bin/memcached -u \$user -m \$memory -d EOF
停止脚本
编写停止脚本
[root@tongfunet]# cat > /tongfu.net/env/memcached-1.5.10/bin/memcached-quit <<EOF #!/bin/sh # env export PATH # argv pid="\`/bin/ps -ef | grep 'memcached-1.5.10' | grep -v 'quit' | grep -v 'grep' | awk '{print \$2}'\`" # quit if [ ! "" = "\$pid" ] ; then /bin/kill \$pid fi EOF
授权脚本
chmod 0755 /tongfu.net/env/memcached-1.5.10/bin/memcached-start chmod 0755 /tongfu.net/env/memcached-1.5.10/bin/memcached-quit
自动启动
添加自动启动脚本
[root@tongfunet]# cat > /lib/systemd/system/memcached.service <<EOF [Unit] Description=memcached After=network.target [Service] Type=forking ExecStart=/tongfu.net/env/memcached-1.5.10/bin/memcached-start ExecStop=/tongfu.net/env/memcached-1.5.10/bin/memcached-quit PrivateTmp=true [Install] WantedBy=multi-user.target EOF
使用 systemctl 管理 memcached 服务
systemctl enable memcached # 设置自动启动 systemctl start memcached # 启动服务 systemctl stop memcached # 停止服务 systemctl restart memcached # 重启服务
安装Redis 4
准备
redis-4.0.10.tar.gz
下载安装包
wget http://download.redis.io/releases/redis-4.0.10.tar.gz
安装redis
tar -xzvf redis-4.0.10.tar.gz cd redis-4.0.10 make cd src make install mkdir -p /tongfu.net/env/redis-4.0.10/ mkdir -p /tongfu.net/env/redis-4.0.10/bin/ mkdir -p /tongfu.net/env/redis-4.0.10/conf/ cp redis-server /tongfu.net/env/redis-4.0.10/bin/ cp redis-cli /tongfu.net/env/redis-4.0.10/bin/ cd .. cp redis.conf /tongfu.net/env/redis-4.0.10/conf/ cd ..
修改配置文件
修改配置文件为daemon启动方式
增加bind 0.0.0.0,允许通过本地所有IP访问
设置初始密码为tongfu.net
[root@tongfunet]# vi /tongfu.net/env/redis-4.0.10/conf/redis.conf daemonize yes bind 0.0.0.0 requirepass tongfu.net
启动脚本
编写启动脚本
[root@tongfunet]# cat > /tongfu.net/env/redis-4.0.10/bin/redis-start <<EOF #!/bin/sh # env export PATH # argv redisroot=/tongfu.net/env/redis-4.0.10 # start \$redisroot/bin/redis-server \$redisroot/conf/redis.conf EOF
停止脚本
编写停止脚本
[root@tongfunet]# cat > /tongfu.net/env/redis-4.0.10/bin/redis-quit <<EOF #!/bin/sh # env export PATH # argv pidfile=/var/run/redis_6379.pid # quit pid="\`cat \${pidfile}\`" if [ "" = "\`ps -ax|awk '{print \$1}'|grep -e "^\${pid}\$"\`" ] ; then /bin/rm -f \${pidfile} else /bin/kill \$pid fi EOF
授权脚本
chmod 0755 /tongfu.net/env/redis-4.0.10/bin/redis-start chmod 0755 /tongfu.net/env/redis-4.0.10/bin/redis-quit
自动启动
添加自动启动脚本
[root@tongfunet]# cat > /lib/systemd/system/redis.service <<EOF [Unit] Description=redis After=network.target [Service] Type=forking PIDFile=/var/run/redis_6379.pid ExecStart=/tongfu.net/env/redis-4.0.10/bin/redis-start ExecStop=/tongfu.net/env/redis-4.0.10/bin/redis-quit PrivateTmp=true [Install] WantedBy=multi-user.target EOF
使用 systemctl 管理 redis 服务
systemctl enable redis # 设置自动启动 systemctl start redis # 启动服务 systemctl stop redis # 停止服务 systemctl restart redis # 重启服务
安装其他工具
安装ssh
yum -y install openssh openssh-clients
安装rsync
yum -y install rsync
安装crontabs
yum -y install crontabs
安装sshd
安装ssh服务器端
yum -y install openssh-server
开机自动启动
systemctl enable sshd
加入系统命令
svn
ln -s /tongfu.net/env/subversion-1.10.2/bin/svn /usr/sbin/svn
php
ln -s /tongfu.net/env/php-7.2.8/bin/php /usr/sbin/php
mysql & mysqldump
ln -s /tongfu.net/env/mysql-5.7.22/bin/mysql /usr/sbin/mysql ln -s /tongfu.net/env/mysql-5.7.22/bin/mysqldump /usr/sbin/mysqldump
redis-cli
ln -s /tongfu.net/env/redis-4.0.10/bin/redis-cli /usr/sbin/redis-cli
附录
问题Nginx添加ssl支持
已经安装好了的nginx发现没有安装ssl模块,这可怎么办?
nginx: [emerg] unknown directive "ssl" in
解决
下载同样版本的nginx源码包,解压缩
wget http://xxxx/...../nginx-1.12.2.tar.gz tar xzvf nginx-1.12.2.tar.gz cd nginx-1.12.2
查看运行着的nginx的编译参数(果然没有开启ssl)
> /tongfu.net/env/nginx-1.12.2/sbin/nginx -V nginx version: nginx/1.12.2 built by gcc 4.8.5 20150623 (Red Hat 4.8.5-16) (GCC) configure arguments: --prefix=/tongfu.net/env/nginx-1.12.2
添加ssl选项,重新编译
./configure --prefix=/tongfu.net/env/nginx-1.12.2 \ --with-http_ssl_module
执行make,不要执行make install,切记切记~~
make
使用新的nginx覆盖老的nginx,只覆盖一个文件
cp -f objs/nginx /tongfu.net/env/nginx-1.12.2/sbin/nginx
现在就可以使用新的nginx添加ssl了
设置时区
CentOS 7.x
设置时区
timedatectl set-timezone Asia/Shanghai
开启NTP
timedatectl set-ntp yes
关闭RTC
timedatectl set-local-rtc no
CentOS 6.x
cp /usr/share/zoneinfo/Asia/Shanghai /etc/localtime
服务命令加入系统目录
apachectl
ln -s /tongfu.net/env/httpd-2.4.37/bin/apachectl /usr/bin/
mysql
ln -s /tongfu.net/env/mysql-5.7.22/bin/mysql /usr/bin/
mysqldump
ln -s /tongfu.net/env/mysql-5.7.22/bin/mysqldump /usr/bin/
mysqladmin
ln -s /tongfu.net/env/mysql-5.7.22/bin/mysqladmin /usr/bin/
nginx
ln -s /tongfu.net/env/nginx-1.12.2/sbin/nginx /usr/bin/
redis-cli
ln -s /tongfu.net/env/redis-4.0.10/bin/redis-cli /usr/bin/
自制ssl证书
自助创建ssl证书文件
创建 server.key 文件
openssl genrsa -des3 -out server.key 1024
创建 server.csr 文件,有五项信息必须填写
命令
openssl req -new -key server.key -out server.csr -config /etc/pki/tls/openssl.cnf
必填项
Country Name (2 letter code) [XX]:CN State or Province Name (full name) []:Beijing Locality Name (eg, city) [Default City]:District east Organization Name (eg, company) [Default Company Ltd]:TONGFU.net Common Name (eg, your name or your server's hostname) []:tongfu.net
创建 ca.crt 和 ca.key 文件,有五项信息必须填写
命令
openssl req -new -x509 -keyout ca.key -out ca.crt -config /etc/pki/tls/openssl.cnf
必填项
Country Name (2 letter code) [XX]:CN State or Province Name (full name) []:Beijing Locality Name (eg, city) [Default City]:District east Organization Name (eg, company) [Default Company Ltd]:TONGFU.net Common Name (eg, your name or your server's hostname) []:tongfu.net
如果没有文件 /etc/pki/CA/index.txt 就创建一个
touch /etc/pki/CA/index.txt
如果没有文件 /etc/pki/CA/serial 就创建一个
echo "00" > /etc/pki/CA/serial
创建 server.crt 文件
openssl ca -in server.csr -out server.crt -cert ca.crt -keyfile ca.key -config /etc/pki/tls/openssl.cnf
最后会生成如下文件
ca.crt ca.key server.crt server.csr server.key
创建免密key文件
创建后使用server.key.unsecure就可以在重启web服务的时候不需要输入密码了
openssl rsa -in server.key -out server.key.unsecure
Apache开启SSL
获取证书
可以去腾讯云,阿里云,百度云去申请ssl证书
配置
去掉 ssl 模块和 shmcb 模块前面的 #
LoadModule ssl_module modules/mod_ssl.so LoadModule socache_shmcb_module modules/mod_socache_shmcb.so
将 Include conf/extra/httpd-ssl.conf 前面的 # 去掉
> vi /tongfu.net/env/httpd-2.4.27/conf/httpd.conf # Secure (SSL/TLS) connections Include conf/extra/httpd-ssl.conf
一般情况下我们会得到3个证书文件,把它们都上传到服务器的 /tongfu.net/env/httpd-2.4.27/conf/ 目录下面
双击其中一个看到颁发给后面是自己域名的是【第一个证书文件】
另外一个颁发给后面不是域名的是【第二个证书文件】
最后一个非证书类型的就是【公钥文件】
tongfu.net.key
打开 httpd-ssl.conf 文件,按顺序把三个文件的路径写进去
> vi /tongfu.net/env/httpd-2.4.27/conf/extra/httpd-ssl.conf # Server Certificate: # Point SSLCertificateFile at a PEM encoded certificate. If # the certificate is encrypted, then you will be prompted for a # pass phrase. Note that a kill -HUP will prompt again. Keep # in mind that if you have both an RSA and a DSA certificate you # can configure both in parallel (to also allow the use of DSA # ciphers, etc.) # Some ECC cipher suites (http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc4492.txt) # require an ECC certificate which can also be configured in # parallel. SSLCertificateFile "/tongfu.net/env/httpd-2.4.27/conf/【第一个证书文件】" # Server Private Key: # If the key is not combined with the certificate, use this # directive to point at the key file. Keep in mind that if # you've both a RSA and a DSA private key you can configure # both in parallel (to also allow the use of DSA ciphers, etc.) # ECC keys, when in use, can also be configured in parallel SSLCertificateKeyFile "/tongfu.net/env/httpd-2.4.27/conf/【公钥文件】" # Server Certificate Chain: # Point SSLCertificateChainFile at a file containing the # concatenation of PEM encoded CA certificates which form the # certificate chain for the server certificate. Alternatively # the referenced file can be the same as SSLCertificateFile # when the CA certificates are directly appended to the server # certificate for convenience. SSLCertificateChainFile "/tongfu.net/env/httpd-2.4.27/conf/【第二个证书文件】"
打开 httpd-ssl.conf 文件设置 VirtualHost
DocumentRoot /xxx/ ServerName tongfu.net
重启
重启 httpd
systemctl restart httpd
测试
现在我们就可以通过 https 访问网站了!
通过浏览器打开网址 https://yourdomain/ 试试看吧!
Apache开启Status
开启apache的status就可以通过特殊地址来查看apache的运行状态了
配置
去掉 status 模块前面的 #
LoadModule status_module modules/mod_status.so
在指定的虚拟主机下配置路径
这里推荐放到内部端口的虚拟主机下面
Nginx开启SSL
获取证书
可以去腾讯云,阿里云,百度云去申请ssl证书
配置
一般情况下我们会得到2个证书文件,把它们都上传到服务器的 /tongfu.net/env/nginx-1.12.2/conf/ 目录下
双击可以看到颁发给后面是自己的域名的就是【证书文件】
另一个非证书类型的文件就是【公钥文件】
打开 nginx.conf 设置证书参数
server { listen 443; server_name yourdomain; ssl on; ssl_certificate [证书文件]; ssl_certificate_key [公钥文件]; ssl_session_cache shared:SSL:1m; ssl_session_timeout 5m; ssl_ciphers HIGH:!aNULL:!MD5; ssl_prefer_server_ciphers on; location / { proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1:80/; proxy_set_header Host $host; proxy_set_header X-Real-Ip $remote_addr; proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $remote_addr; } }
重启
重启 nginx
systemctl restart nginx
测试
注意:如果 nginx 作为代理服务器使用,则源站(Apache等等)就不要再做ssl配置了!!!
Samba使用
共享Linux目录给Windows使用
在Linux上创建一个用于共享目录的用户
useradd [共享用户名称]
选择一个目录授权给上面创建的用户
chown [共享用户名称].[共享用户名称] [linux 共享目录]
在samba配置文件里添加共享设置
> vi /etc/samba/smb.conf [[linux 共享目录别名]] comment = share folder in CentOS 7 Work path = /data/[linux 共享目录] writeable = yes browseable = yes ready only = no valid users = [共享用户名称]
在samba里添加一遍共享用户,并设置用户密码
smbpasswd -a [共享用户名称]
重启samba服务
systemctl restart smb
查看共享目录列表
smbclient -L //[linux IP地址] -U [共享用户名称]
这样我们就可以用Windows访问Linux的共享目录了!
Linux挂载Windows共享目录
在Windows上创建用于共享目录的用户
选择一个目录共享给上面创建的用户
安装samba client
yum -y install samba-client
在Linux上查看Windows共享目录列表
smbclient -L //[windows IP地址] -U [共享用户名称]
挂载共享目录
选项里的 rw 表示可读写权限
选项里的 uid 和 gid 表示挂载后的所有者ID和用户组ID,默认是 root
mount -t cifs //[windows IP地址]/[windows 共享目录] /mnt/[linux 挂载目录] -o username=[共享用户名称],password=[共享用户密码],rw,uid=[挂载目录对应linux所有者],gid=[挂载目录对应linux所属组]
这样我们就可以用Linux服务Windows的共享目录了!
注意:不要尝试在Docker内使用mount挂载Windows共享文件夹,因为它永远都会提示你permission denied,且没有任何错误码
PHP7兼容
preg_replace
php7里使用preg_replace替换的时候,不能使用 /e 修饰符,其实我们一般情况下也不会用。但是Smarty到处都是,OMG!
<b>Warning</b>: preg_replace(): The /e modifier is no longer supported, use preg_replace_callback instead
define
使用define自定义常量的时候必须将常量名称用引号括起来,否则会被视为引用常量而告警。
(大概是为了优化解析速度,因为不加引号的一律视为常量引用)
Use of undefined constant RESTYPE_IMAGE - assumed 'XXX'
完结
现在我们就可以通过 https 访问网站了!
通过浏览器打开网址 https://yourdomain/ 试试看吧!